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'J. E. WOODBRI DGE. METAL TURNING TOOL.

Patented Au 15 1882.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFF CE.

JAMES E. WOODBRIDGE, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNCR TO HIM- SELF AND FREDERICK N. GARDNER, OF SAME PLACE.

METAL-TURNING TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 262,878, dated August 15, 1882.

Application filed March 10, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES E. Woonnarncn, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Metal-Working Tools; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whereby a person skilled inthe art can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Likeletters in the figures indicate the same parts. H

My improvement relates to tools which are [5 intended to be held in the customary manner in the toolpost of a lathe or the tool-holder of a planing-machine, and which have commonly been made of a bar of steel ofrectangular section, having the cutting part forged of proper form upon its end.

The object of my improvement is to provide a tool which can be used without reibrging as worn, and be sharpened simply by grinding, the cutting part of which can be made of the 2 5 bestmaterial without requiring the great waste of steel for the body or shank as ordinarily constructed.

It also has for its object the construction of a reversible tool, both'ends of which can be shaped and sharpened and it also has for its object the reduction in quantity of the best steel required for the cutting-edges by making the cutting part separable and exchangeable, and by constructing the holding part so as to support and stiffen the cutting-edge in a lateral direction.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention,Figure l is a sideviewof myimproved tool, with the tool-post in which it is Fig. 2 is a cross-section through my improved tool, shown of full size, ordouble the scale of Fig. 1.

A is a tool-post of a lathe.

B is the screw which holds the tool, passed 5 through the slot in the tool-post in the customary manner.

C is the cutting portion of my improved tool. It is a bar of uniform section through" out,-andis ground off at the end to the proper 5o cutting-angle for the work to be done. Its outting-point is formed on one of the longitudinal edges, and it is sharpened by grinding upon the end only. One or both ends of this portion of the tool maybe sharpened into cuttingcdges. 5 5

D is the base of my improved tool. It is made rectangular, with a channel or groovein the top for the reception of the lower side ot the part C. It is freed or beveled laterally at the ends, as shown at D, for the purpose of supporting the back of the tool and not be in the way of the Work operated upon. The inclination is made in opposite directions: upon opposite ends of D, so as to be used with both right and left hand tools.

.E is arectangular cap-piece fitting upon the top of the part 0. It is also provided with a channel or groove for the reception of the cutter C, so thatwhen the parts are all placed together the outer contour is of a rectangular form, as shown in Fig. 2, corresponding to the section of the shank or bar portion of the forged tool commonly used.

In orderto avoid damaging the top longitudinal edgesof the part C, the bottom of the 7 groove in the part E is made slightly convex, as at E, in Fig. 1, so that it bears upon the middle of the bar and does 'not come in contact with the cutting-edge which forms the point as the toolis sharpened.

F F are side plates attached to or formin part of the cap E, and fitting into either of the recesses Gin the case D as the cap is placed in position upon it. These are for the purpose of holding the whole together, so that it can 8 5 be readily placed in the tool-post, or preventin g the top and bottom from falling apart when the tool is used vertically, as in a planing-machine.

By means of my invention a tool is 'pro- 0 duced which does not require forging for the purpose of sharpening, but can be used up the whole length by simply grinding off the end at the proper angle when it becomes dull. The cutting part of my improved tool can also be made of a superior quality of steel, while the top and bottom can be made of an inferior material. These latter parts can also'be used with a large number of cutters. Bythis means the quantity of the best or tool steel is reduced to I00 l x g a minimum, and the great expense of having a large amount of steel lying idle in the form of tools is avoided.

What I claim as my invention is 1. The cap E, made convex transversely on its bearing-surface, and resting on the surface of the cutter along a horizontal middle line only of said cutter, in order to avoid injury to its corners, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the grooved cap-piece E, provided with the side plates, F, consisting of vertical straps attached to the cap-piece, and the grooved base D, provided with recesses Gr, adapted to inclose and hold a cutter, O, substantially as described.

3. The base D, provided with laterally-beveled ends D, whereby the back of the tool is supported, while the cutting-edge is left free, substantially as described.

4. A tool-holder provided with ends D D, beveled laterally in opposite directions for holding and supporting tools adapted to cut in both right and left directions, substantially as described.

JAMES E. WOODBRIDGE.

Witnesses:

EDWr-N I DIMOOK, THEO. G. ELLIs. 

